2009-10.2.2.F


 * The Holocaust- "The Final Solution"[[image:http://ts3.mm.bing.net/images/thumbnail.aspx?q=1367342124894&id=e49c3a7cafb61e611d4627a3f77f8b9d&url=https%3a%2f%2feducyberstor.com%2fimages%2fbook%2520covers%2fholocaust.jpg width="125" height="160" align="right" caption="... Catalog - Themes: Holocaust"]]**

A conference that was held on August 20, 1935, to discuss the economic effects of party actions against Jews. The law had took away Jewish citizenship and expelled Jewish children from German schools. It didn't allow marriage between Germans and Jews. It classified Germans (Mischlinge) as four grandparents of German blood and Jews three grandparents of Jewish decent. The laws allowed for legal discrimination against Jews. Jews were forbidden to raise the national flag or display their national colors but were allowed to display the Jewish colors. They weren't were segregated on trains and were forced to wear a star as a badge of identification. There was a national boycott of Jewish businesses. It had reduced millions of Jews to second class citizens. They had lost homes, businesses, jobs, and life. Soon after, the law was followed by "The Law for the Protection of the Genetic Health of the German People" which required people who wanted to get married to get a medical examination if passed, disease free, they get a "Certificate of Fitness to Marry". This was required to be able to get married. The Nuremburg Laws also resulted in confusion and furious debates on who was a full "Jew". Because of the confusion, the Nazi had created charts to identify Jews from Mischlinge. After what all the Nazis have done the Jews were eventually outlawed and depriving them as the rights of humans. Hitler wanted to make life so difficult for Jews so that they would emigrate.
 * Nuremberg Laws**

Concentration Camps During the years of 1933 to 1945, 20,000 concentration camps were set up by the Nazis throughout Europe, where they imprisoned millions. These camps were used for forced labor, transit way stations, and extermination and mass murder. At first, prisoners were German Communists, Socialists, Gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses, homosexuals, and anyone else of disrupt behavior. Then in 1938, when Austria was being taken in by Germany, or annexed, the Nazis started arresting Jews and imprisoned them in these camps. Some camps in Germany were Dachau, Buchenwald, and Sachsenhausen. More and more forced labor camps were set up when Germany invaded Poland in 1939 where thousands more died due to starvation and exhaustion. Prisoner of War camps started popping up more when the Germans invaded the Soviet Union in 1941, where they executed the soldiers by shooting or gassing. Gas chambers were created, which were rooms they would fill up with poisonous gas to kill the victims inside and within minutes were dead. In some of the camps, medical experiments were done on the prisoners. It was a hard time in the camps, it was crowded, barely any food, and thousands were dying everyday.

One of the most known and largest concentration camps during World War Two was Auschwitz. The camp was actually three parts, each part being made at a different time. The first part was made in 1940, the second in early 1942, and then the third in October of the same year. They're located near the city of Osweicim, Poland. Auschwitz 1 was about 40 square kilometers. Its purpose was to incarcerate Nazi enemies, have available forced laborers, and elimination. It had gas chambers and crematoriums, and medical experiments done on prisoners. One of the most famous doctors was Dr. Mengele. There was the "Black Wall" where thousands were executed. Auschwitz Two (Birkenau) had the most prisoners and was separated into many sections for different people like women, men, gypsies, and the Jews. This played a big role in "The Final Solution" for it contained killing centers and the gas used to kill, Zyklon B, was brought in. Auschwitz 3 (Buna) was pretty much housing for forced laborers that had to work at the nearby factory. Thousands were deported to this camp. Once they would arrive, they went through a selection that if they were unfit for labor, they would right away be sent to the gas chambers, which they told the prisoners were showers to mislead them. The healthy ones were sent to labor. There was a rebellion, which blew up a gas chamber and crematorium, but was later crushed by the Germans. This camp, the killings and labor, went on till 1944 and then destroyed in 1945 whent the Soviets were moving in. In the end, a minimum of 1.3 million were deported to Auschwitz, and of those, 1.1 million were killed. Ghettos were used in World War Two to confine Jewish citizens. Throughout World War Two nearly 1,000 ghettos were established in Europe. The reason for keeping the Jews contained was to hold the Jews while the Nazi leaders decided what to do with them for the "Final Solution" plan, which was the murder of all Jews in Europe. Ghettos put thousands of Jews in a small area often enclosed within a city. When the "Final Solution" began, the Nazis started destroying the ghettos...along with everyone living in them. The Germans would have a mass murder shooting of Jews in graves. Some Jews were deported, but shipped only to another killing center. There was a very small amount of Jews that were sent to labor camps to do labor work. Many people were crammed into ghettos, for instance 400,000 were pushed into a 1.3 square mile area at Warsaw. Jews were forced to wear badges that identified them and to do forced labor. A Jewish Council, which was appointed by the Nazis, carried out the orders from German authorities and administered the daily life in ghettos. Residents would smuggle things into the camp that wasn't allowed like food, medicine, and intelligence. Even when some council members found out, they would let it go for the residents needed those things to survive. Ghettos were just another place the Germans would send people until they decided what to do with them.
 * Auschwitz**
 * Ghettos**

"Crystal Nights", the night of broken glass, was the name given to the night of November 9-10,1938. In large German cities and small cities, Jewish shops were broken into and Jewish houses and apartments were destroyed. Many of Jews were arrested and beaten, and some killed. Nazis had burned most of the nation's synagogues. After arresting many Jews they sent them to concentration camps where they are beaten and eventually die. This night was one of the most horrible events of National Socialist Germany. Not only did the Jews suffer but Germany and the German people did just as bad. Who was in charge of this incident? Its said to be that the Nazi gang had organized and carried out the damage. The main organizer was Propaganda Minister Dr. Joseph Goebbels. Adolf Hitler was not too proud of the incident and refused to talk to anyone about it.
 * Crystal Nights**

The Nazis often code words or a different language to keep secret of plans they will be preforming. They used the name "the final solution" to disguise their plan to annihilate the Jewish people. They started a genocide against the Jews, killing between six to twelve million Jews. The Nazis had believed that they were better than everyone else. The "solution" was set out in stages. When the Nazis came to power in 1933 is when it all started with them isolating the Jews from society. In 1939, with the invasion of Poland, they started putting them in overcrowded and unsanitary camps and ghettos so they could determine what to do with them. After Germany invaded the Soviet Union, SS and police units (Killing units during the holocaust) were ordered to begin the mass murder of the Jews, by putting them in gas chambers and mass shootings. From then on, Jews were first put into camps and then shipped to killing centers where they awaited their death. Millions died. At Auschwitz, approximately one million Jews were killed there, which is one sixth of the total six million killed. Until they were stopped, Nazis killed Jewish men, women, and children until two-thirds of the Jewish population was exterminated.
 * "The Final Solution"**

[] The link above shows multiple maps and a video about the holocaust and where many of the camps were.

"The Holocaust." //Ushmm.org//. United States Holocaust Memorial Museum, Washington, D.C., 4 May 2009. Web. []. Rosenberg, Jennifer. "The Holocaust." //About.com: 20th Century History//. The New York Times Company., Jan. 2010. Web. [].
 * Refernces**